Study design (if review, criteria of inclusion for studies)
Randomized controlled trial
Participants
Adults with cystic fibrosis reporting mild to severe symptoms of depression and/or anxiety
Interventions
"Coping and Learning to Manage Stress with CF" (CALM). Patients were randomized to receive CALM immediately (immediate, n = 66) or after a 13-week delay (waitlist, n = 66).
Outcome measures
Depression and anxiety symptoms. Maintenance of treatment gains from baseline to 3-month follow-up
Main results
Compared to the waitlist group, those that received CALM immediately reported lower depression and anxiety symptoms post-intervention and at 1-month follow-up (ps<0.001). For depression there was a large effect size post-intervention (d = 0.85) and a medium effect size at 1-month follow-up (d = 0.70); anxiety had a medium effect size post-intervention (d = 0.65) and at 1-month follow-up (d = 0.66). The immediate group also reported significantly higher coping self-efficacy, less stress, and increased vitality post-CALM and at 1-month follow-up (ps<0.01). Treatment gains were maintained at 3-month follow-up for all outcomes.
Authors' conclusions
CALM was efficacious for Adults with cystic fibrosis in reducing symptoms of depression, anxiety, and perceived stress while improving coping self-efficacy and vitality with evidence of treatment sustainability. Next steps are dissemination and implementation to CF psychosocial clinicians.
Keywords: Adult; Child; Adolescent; Caregivers; Home; Home Care Services; non pharmacological intervention - psyco-soc-edu-org; telemedicine; Organization;