Study design (if review, criteria of inclusion for studies)
Randomized controlled trial
Participants
82 patients with self-reported CF.
Interventions
Participants were randomized to either the MukoHelp group (n = 41) or a waitlist control group (n = 41).
Outcome measures
Patients were assessed before (baseline), after the six-week intervention period (post), and three months after post (follow-up). Assessments included acceptability (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire; CSQ), efficacy (e.g., anxiety; Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 Scale; GAD-7), and adherence.
Main results
MukoHelp received mixed acceptability with a high acceptance according to the CSQ (75.7%), but adherence was low, indicating low acceptability. The intervention did not lead to significant improvements in symptoms of anxiety compared to waitlist controls (p = .645, η(p)(2) = 0.005). Exploratory analyses suggest that low adherence impacted efficacy as the item "I apply what I have learned in the MukoHelp chapters in my everyday life" was negatively correlated at a moderate effect size with the GAD-7 baseline-post difference score (r = -0.500, p = .035).
Authors' conclusions
While some participants reported satisfaction, overall engagement and adherence were low, and no symptom improvements were observed. This suggests that future versions of MukoHelp should focus on increasing sustained usage-potentially through added guidance or supportive elements-to enhance feasibility and therapeutic impact.